"Fred Madden, in Jabberwocky (Summer/Autumn 1988), calls attention to a chapter titled "Popular Follies of Great Cities" in Charles Mackay's classic work, Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds (1841). Mackay tells of various catch phrases which sprang up suddenly in London. One such phrase was "Who are you," spoken with emphasis on the first and last words. It appeared suddenly, "like a mushroom. . . . One day it was unheard, unknown, uninvented; the next day it pervaded London. . . . Every new comer into an alehouse tap room was asked unceremoniously 'Who are you?' "
In "Who Are You: A Reply" (Jabberwocky, Winter/Spring 1990), John Clark points out that Lewis Carroll owned Mackay's book and probably heard the question shouted at him when it was a short-lived London rage. Did he have this craze in mind when he had his blue Caterpillar, sitting on a mushroom, ask Alice, "Who are you?" It certainly seems possible.
-- from The Annotated Alice: the Definitive Edition, ed. Martin Gardner.
I found this particularly interesting because most of the pre-internet "memes" I can think of had their source in commercial enterprises, where you could ascribe the desire to insert a catchphrase into daily use as an obvious goal of advertising. I'm not sure I can think of one that didn't have a commercial (advertising or popular movie or tv show) origin.
In "Who Are You: A Reply" (Jabberwocky, Winter/Spring 1990), John Clark points out that Lewis Carroll owned Mackay's book and probably heard the question shouted at him when it was a short-lived London rage. Did he have this craze in mind when he had his blue Caterpillar, sitting on a mushroom, ask Alice, "Who are you?" It certainly seems possible.
-- from The Annotated Alice: the Definitive Edition, ed. Martin Gardner.
I found this particularly interesting because most of the pre-internet "memes" I can think of had their source in commercial enterprises, where you could ascribe the desire to insert a catchphrase into daily use as an obvious goal of advertising. I'm not sure I can think of one that didn't have a commercial (advertising or popular movie or tv show) origin.